Celebrating the Bharat Ratna Recognition of Dr. MS Swaminathan:
Renowned agronomist and agricultural scientist, Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan, is set to receive the esteemed Bharat Ratna award for his exceptional dedication to Indian agriculture and the well-being of farmers, as announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on February 9th. Swaminathan, a pivotal figure in initiating the Green Revolution, will be honored posthumously with the highest civilian honor in India, alongside former Prime Ministers Chaudhary Charan Singh and PV Narasimha Rao.
Early Life – MS Swaminathan:
Born in Kumbakonam, Madras Presidency, on August 7th, 1925, Swaminathan was the second son of M.K. Sambasivan, a general surgeon, and Parvati Thangammal Sambasivan.
After witnessing the devastating effects of the Bengal famine of 1943 during the Second World War, Swaminathan felt compelled to dedicate his life to ensuring India’s food security. Despite his family’s background in medicine and engineering, he chose to pursue agriculture.
In 1944, he graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Agricultural Science from the University of Madras. He then furthered his studies at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) in New Delhi, focusing on genetics and plant breeding, where he excelled and earned a post-graduate degree with distinction in cytogenetics in 1949. Subsequently, in 1950, he pursued advanced studies at the Plant Breeding Institute of the University of Cambridge School of Agriculture, culminating in a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1952.
Contributions and Achievements:
- In 1987, he received the inaugural World Food Prize, using the prize money to establish the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation.
- Swaminathan founded the Nuclear Research Laboratory at the IARI and advocated for the establishment of various international agricultural research institutes, including the International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics in India, the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (now Bioversity International) in Italy, and the International Council for Research in Agro-Forestry in Kenya.
- From 2002 to 2005, he served as co-chair of the United Nations Millennium Project on hunger, and from 2002 to 2007, he led the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs.
- Swaminathan chaired the National Commission on Farmers from 2004 and was appointed to the Rajya Sabha by former President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, serving from 2007 to 2013.
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